
Diabetes – Blood Glucose Levels
Diabetes mellitus, or simply, diabetes, is a group of diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels that result from defects in the body’s ability to produce and/or use insulin.
The blood sugar level is the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood. It is also known as plasma glucose level. It is expressed as millimoles per litre (mmol/l). Blood glucose is an essential measure of your health.
Glycemic Control and Lipids Chart
The table below shows the blood glucose ranges for adults with diabetes:

Normally blood glucose levels stay within narrow limits throughout the day, 4 to 8 mmol/l. But they are higher after meals and usually lowest in the morning. Blood glucose levels outside the normal range may be an indicator of a medical condition.
General blood glucose level guidelines according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) are as follows:
- 70-130 mg/dl (5 to 7.2 mmol/l) before a meal
- Less than 180 mg/dl (less than 10 mmol/l) 1-2 hours after a meal
- Around 8 mmol/l at bedtime
Checking Your Blood Glucose
- All people with diabetes can benefit from checking their blood glucose.
- Using a meter is the most accurate way to check.
- Keep a log of your results and review them with your team to gauge how well your diabetes plan is working.
Blood glucose monitoring is the main tool you have to check your diabetes control. This check tells you your blood glucose level at any one time. Keeping a log of your results is vital. When you bring this record to your health care provider, you have a good picture of your body’s response to your diabetes care plan.
How often should you check your blood glucose levels?
Your physician will determine when and how often you should check and record your blood glucose levels. Some people test several times a week while others test 3 or mores times daily. It is usually recommended to test before meals and at bedtime. After meal testing is usually performed 1-2 hours after the start of a meal.
According to the American Diabetes Association your peak level after a meal (1-2 hours after the start of a meal) should be <180 mg/dl (less than 10 mmol/l). Check with your physician to determine your specific blood glucose goal.
What is A1C?
- The A1C test measures your average blood glucose control for the past 2 to 3 months.
- It is determined by measuring the percentage of glycated hemoglobin, or HbA1c, in the blood.
- Check your A1C twice year at a minimum, or more frequently when necessary.
- It does not replace daily self-testing of blood glucose.
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) is a United States-based association working to fight the consequences of diabetes, and to help those affected by diabetes.
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World Diabetes Day – November 14
November is National Diabetes Awareness Month.
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